¾È³çÇϼ¼¿ä, ¼Ûµ¿È£ Á¾ÇÕ·ÎÆß À̹ÎÆÀÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  Ãë¾÷ À̹Π2¼øÀ§ÀÎ °íÇзÂÀÚ µ¶¸³À̹Î(National Interest Waiver, NIW)Àº ¹Ì±¹ °í¿ëÁÖÀÇ Ãë¾÷ Á¦¾È(Job Offer), ³ëµ¿ÀÎÁõ(PERM), ³ëµ¿Çã°¡¼­(LC)°¡ ¾ø¾îµµ ¿µÁÖ±ÇÀ» ½ÅûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Ãë¾÷ ¿µÁÖ±Ç Á¦µµÀÔ´Ï´Ù. NIW´Â ¹°¸®, È­ÇÐ, »ý¹°, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ, ÀüÀÚ °øÇÐ, ÀÇÇаú °°Àº °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß Á¾»çÀÚµéÀÌ ¹Ú»ç ȤÀº ¹Ú»ç Èı⠰úÁ¤(Post-Doctor) Áß Ã»¿ø¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÏ¿© ½ÂÀÎ ¹Þ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹¾Æ “°úÇÐÀÚ ¿µÁֱǔÀ̶ó°í ºÒ¸®±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í ³í¹®À» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù°í ÇÏ¿© ¸ðµÎ°¡ ½ÂÀεǴ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.

 

2016³â DHANASAR ÆÇ°áÀ» ÅëÇØ À̹α¹Àº »õ·Î¿î NIW ÆÇ´Ü ±âÁØÀ» äÅÃÇßÀ¸¸ç ±× ±âÁØÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù: ù°, û¿øÀÚ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àü¹® ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ºÃë³ë·Â(Endeavor)ÀÌ »ó´çÇÑ ÀåÁ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í ±¹ÀÍ¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µÑ°, û¿øÀÚÀÇ ¼ºÃë ³ë·ÂÀÌ 100% ¼º°øÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í Áõ¸íÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾øÁö¸¸ û¿øÀÚ°¡ ¼º°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ±×·¡¼­ ±¹ÀÍ¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÃßÁøÇØ ³ª°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À§Ä¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Áõ¸íÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼Â°´Â ±¹³»Àηº¸È£ÀÇ Á߿伺À» °¨¾ÈÇÏ´õ¶óµµ Ãë¾÷ Á¦¾È(Job offer) ¿Í ³ëµ¿ÀÎÁõ(LC) ¸éÁ¦°¡ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ À¯ÀÍÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Áõ¸íÇؾßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±âÁصéÀ» ÃæÁ·½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ ÀÖ¾î °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­´Â ³í¹® ¹ßÇ¥ ¼ö, ÀÎ¿ë ¼ö, ±×¸®°í ÇØ´ç ºÐ¾ß Àü¹®°¡µéÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» °ñ°í·ç °í·ÁÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

 

ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¸ðµç ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ³í¹® ¹ßÇ¥ ¼ö³ª ÀÎ¿ë ¼ö¸¦ 1:1·Î ºñ±³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ¼ø¼ö °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß´Â ÀÀ¿ë °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ºñÇØ ³í¹®ÀÇ ¼ö ÀÚü°¡ Àû±â ¶§¹®¿¡ º¯È£»ç´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÌÇظ¦ ÇÏ°í À̹α¹À» ¼³µæÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÀÎ¿ë ¼ýÀÚ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¾î¶² ³í¹®¿¡ ÀοëÀÌ µÇ¾ú´ÂÁöµµ °í·Á¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. û¿øÀÚÀÇ ´«¹® ¼ýÀÚ°¡ Àû´õ¶óµµ û¿øÀÚÀÇ ³í¹®ÀÌ ÇØ´ç ºÐ¾ß¿¡ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ ³í¹®ÀÇ ÇÙ½É ÀÎ¿ë ³í¹®À̾ú´Ù¸é ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇØ º¯È£»ç´Â ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¾ð±ÞÀ» ÇÏ°í À̹α¹À» ¼³µæÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, º¯È£»ç´Â ±× ³í¹®ÀÌ ¾î¶² Àú³Î¿¡ ½Ç·È´ÂÁöµµ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½É»ç°¡ ¸Å¿ì ¾ö°ÝÇÑ Àú³Î¿¡ ½Ç¸®´Â °æ¿ì ´Ü±â ÀÎ¿ë ¼ýÀÚ°¡ Àû´õ¶óµµ Àå±âÀûÀ¸·Î Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ¾Ï½Ã·Î º¼ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

 

±¹ÀÍ¿¡ ±â¿©¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­µµ º¯È£»ç´Â ´Ù°¢µµ¿¡¼­ Á¢±ÙÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °øÇÐÀÇ ¹æ¾îº®À» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì, ¿¬±¸ ¼º°ú°¡ ¹Ù·Î »çȸ Àüü¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¼ø¼ö È­ÇÐÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸ÀÚÀÇ ¼º°ú´Â Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ »çȸ ¿µÇâÀ» ±â´ëÇϱâ´Â ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ´ë½Å, ¼ø¼ö °úÇÐÀÇ °æ¿ì ÇØ´ç Çй®¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¸®´õ½±À̳ª ¿¬±¸ °á°ú°¡ ÀÌÈÄ ½Ç¿ë°úÇаúÀÇ ¿¬±¸ °¡´É¼º, ±×¸®°í ±âÁ¸¿¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÀηùÀÇ Àǹ®À» ÇØ°áÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´ÂÁöµîÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.

 

¶ÇÇÑ, ÇØ´ç ºÐ¾ß ¿Ü±¹Àο¡°Ô Ãë¾÷ Á¦¾ÈÀ̳ª ³ëµ¿ÀÎÁõÀ» ¸éÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ À¯ÀÍÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Áõ¸íÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÇØ´ç °úÇÐÀÚÀÇ »ý»ê¼ºÀ» º¸¿©ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ³í¹® ¼ö ȤÀº ÇÔ²² ¿¬±¸ÇÑ µ¿·á ȤÀº Áöµµ ±³¼öÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, µ¿ÀÏ Çй®ÀÇ ¹Ú»ç °úÁ¤ Á¹¾÷ ½Ã±â ³í¹®ÀÌ ¾à 5°³ Á¤µµÀε¥ û¿øÀÎÀÌ 8°³ÀÇ ³í¹®À» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù¸é ÀÌ Ã»¿øÀÎÀº »ý»ê¼ºÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³ô´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, û¿øÀÎÀÌ È­Çаú ¹°¸®¸¦ ¿¬°èÇÏ¿© ¿¬±¸ÇÒ ´É·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÎÀ縦 ã´Â °ÍÀº ½±Áö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ãë¾÷ Á¦¾ÈÀ̳ª ³ëµ¿ÀÎÁõ ¸éÁ¦°¡ À¯ÀÍÇÏ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

 

“°úÇÐ ºÐ¾ßÀÇ NIW´Â ½±´Ù”¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â º¯È£»çµéÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß´Â ¹«¼öÈ÷ ¸¹°í ÇØ´ç ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ ¾øÀÌ À̹Π¼­·ù¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÑ´Ù¸é °í°´ÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ´ëº¯Çß´Ù°í ¸»Çϱâ Èûµì´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à º¯È£»ç°¡ ±× ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ¹Ú»ç ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÇзÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é ´õÇÒ ³ªÀ§ ¾øÀÌ ÁÁ°ÚÁö¸¸ ±×·¯±â´Â ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, º¯È£»ç´Â ÇØ´ç ºÐ¾ßÀÇ Àü¹®°¡¿Í ²÷ÀÓ ¾øÀÌ ¼ÒÅëÇÏ°í ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¼¼¸¦ °¡Áö°í °í°´ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ ºÐ¾ß¸¦ Àß ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀúÈñ ·ÎÆß¿¡¼­´Â Àü¹®°¡ ±×·ìÀ» ¼·¿ÜÇÏ¿© ÇØ´ç °í°´ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¹®°¡µéÀÇ Á¶¾ð°ú Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·± ³ë·ÂÀÌ ¹ÙÅÁÀÌ µÇ¾î º¯È£»ç°¡ ±× ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß °í°´ÀÇ ÀåÁ¡À» ÃÖ´ëÇÑ ºÎ°¢ ½Ãų ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

 

NIW°ü·Ã ȤÀº ´Ù¸¥ À̹ιý °ü·Ã Ãß°¡ ¹®ÀÇ»çÇ×ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸½Ã¸é ¾ðÁ¦µç [email protected]À¸·Î ¿¬¶ôÁֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.   

 

*º» Ä®·³Àº À¯Æ©ºê¿¡¼­ ¿µ»óÄ®·³À¸·Îµµ Á¦°øµË´Ï´Ù. À¯Æ©ºê¿¡¼­ ‘¼Ûµ¿È£ Á¾ÇÕ·ÎÆß’À¸·Î °Ë»öÇϽøé È®ÀÎ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.  


National Interest Waiver, NIW :  Scientist’s Green Card

The National Interest Waiver (NIW), is an employment based second-preference immigration category (“EB-2”) that allows you to apply for permanent residency without a job offer, prevailing wage requirement (PERM) or labor certification (LC) by a U.S. employers. The NIW is commonly referred to as a ‘scientist’s green card’ because petitions based on a scientific field, such as physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, electronical engineering, and medicine, are approved NIW status by submitting a petition during their doctoral or post-doctoral course. However, just because one is performing research or has published a thesis, it does not necessarily mean that their NIW case will be approved.

In 2016, the DHANASAR decision was adopted and a new set of criteria for NIWs was implemented in the United States. The criteria are as follows: Firstly, the petitioner must have a significant advantage in his/her endeavor within his/her area of ​​specialization and be able to contribute to the national interest. Secondly, it is not necessary to show that the petitioner's accomplishments will be 100% successful, but rather, it must be shown that the petitioner has the potential to reach a level of success to be able to contribute to the national interest. Thirdly, due to the policy of protecting the domestic workforce, it must be shown that the job offer and labor certification exemptions are beneficial to the United States. To meet these criteria, USCIS considers the number of thesis papers published, the number of citations, and the opinions of experts in one’s respective field.

However, it is not easy to compare the number of published thesis papers and the number of citations across all fields. For example, in the science field, the number of thesis papers is small compared to the field of applied science, so it is imperative that attorneys understand these factors and put forth a convincing case to the immigration officer. In addition to considering the number of citations, the content of the thesis papers should also be considered. Even if the number of citations is small, if the petitioner's writing is the core part of a paper that has had a significant impact in the field, the attorney should mention this to the immigration officer. The attorney should also consider which journals the papers were published in. If the criteria to have a paper published in a certain journal is very tough and stringent, this can be viewed as having a heavier weight in terms of importance even though the petitioner’s total number of thesis papers is low.

Attorneys need to approach how one can contribute to the national interests from multiple angles. If a researcher studied computer firewalling, such research outcomes can affect society as a whole. However, the results of researchers studying chemistry cannot easily be expected to have a direct social impact. Instead, in the case of pure science fields, it should be considered whether such research results in that discipline could then be further researched in the field of practical science and applied to solve questions and problems faced by human society.

In addition, the number of papers that can show the productivity level of the scientist, or the opinions of his colleagues and advisors who studied together are very important to prove that it is beneficial to the United States to exempt the job offer or labor certification requirement for foreigners. For example, if the average number of graduate thesis produced by a person in the same discipline is five papers in a certain discipline and the petitioner has published eight papers, the petitioner can be claimed to be very productive. Also, if a petitioner has the ability to research chemistry and physics in conjunction, it may be argued that it is not easy to find such a talent, and as such, the job offer and labor certification exemptions are beneficial.

There are attorneys who frivolously claim that ‘NIW in the science field is easy’. However, such a statement is not necessarily accurate, given that submitting immigration documents on behalf of a client without understanding the full myriad of different scientific fields is not representing the interests of the client in the best possible way. If an attorney has at least a doctorate in the client’s field, it would indeed be considered ‘easy’. Otherwise, attorneys should have a good understanding of the client's field of study by constantly communicating, researching and speaking with experts in the field. For this reason, our law firm consults with specialized experts for their advice, research and support. It is this kind of dedication and effort in striving to understand a client’s field of expertise that allows an attorney to best represent a client.

Please email [email protected] if you have any questions relating to NIW or any other immigration matters.

* This column is also available as a video column on YouTube. You can check it on YouTube by searching 'Song Law Firm’.

 

 

NIW Ê«××ìÌüÃØó - DhanasaräÐØ¡ãæñ×

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